Where do the 500 words come from? Is this a real frequency list?

Yes. The list is hand-picked from three public, named sources: the Sharoff Frequency Dictionary of Russian (S. Sharoff, 2002, built from the RuTenTen corpus and the Russian Reference Corpus — full word list downloadable at artint.ru/projects/frqlist.php), the Russian National Corpus (ruscorpora.ru) for spoken-frequency cross-checks, and the TORFL A1 and A2 syllabi published by the Russian Federal Ministry of Education. Function-word noise (что, не, и, в) stays minimal — beginners can't build a sentence around что — and is replaced with concrete A1-A2 vocabulary in the same frequency band: greetings, numbers, the full weekday and month sets, family, food, transport, weather, body parts, daily life, and 75 high-frequency verbs. Every Cyrillic spelling, stress mark, gender, and verb conjugation was cross-checked against Wiktionary. No LLM-invented entries; if any entry looks off, file an issue with a corpus reference and we'll fix it.

Why 500 words? What does the A1-A2 jump from 100 actually unlock?

The first 100 words cover roughly half of spoken-Russian token frequency, but they don't carry the conversational surface area you need to leave a homestay alive. Words 101 to 500 add the weekdays and months, the full body parts you'll need at a doctor's office, the weather vocabulary every Russian conversation drifts toward, transport for buying a metro ticket, daily-life nouns for renting an apartment, and enough emotion vocabulary to describe how the week went — the entire TORFL A2 surface. Past word 500, marginal value drops sharply: word 501 to 1 500 adds about 12% more frequency. Finish these 500, then move to input (Russian with Max, Russian Progress, Easy Russian, Be Fluent in Russian) — extensive listening will teach you words 501-1 500 in context, faster than flashcards.

The audio — is it a real Russian voice or robot?

It's your operating system's built-in Russian text-to-speech voice, routed through the browser's Web Speech API at lang="ru-RU". macOS ships Milena (Russian, Apple's native recording) and Yuri — both very natural. Windows uses Irina and Pavel from Microsoft. Linux defaults to espeak which sounds noticeably robotic; install RHVoice (a high-quality open-source Russian TTS engine) for a major upgrade. We don't ship our own audio files because (a) it would balloon the page past the 28 KB budget, and (b) your OS Russian voices are already near-broadcast quality and free. The tool just forwards whatever ru-RU voice you have configured.

Why mark stress (на́до, not надо) on every word?

Because Russian stress decides which vowels reduce to a schwa. Unstressed "o" sounds like "a" (молоко́ ≈ "malakó"), unstressed "е" reduces toward "i", and getting the stress wrong makes you genuinely hard to understand. "За́мок" (zámok, castle, stress on first syllable) vs "замо́к" (zamók, lock, stress on second) is two completely different words spelled identically. Russian native dictionaries (Ushakov, Ozhegov, Wiktionary) all mark stress with a combining acute on the stressed vowel; we do the same on every entry. Skip the stress and you'll memorize the wrong pronunciation, which is painful to unlearn.

Why mark m / f / n gender on every single noun?

Because Russian gender cascades through the entire grammar. Adjective endings change (большо́й дом, m vs больша́я кни́га, f vs большо́е окно́, n). Past-tense verb endings change (он сказа́л m / она́ сказа́ла f / оно́ сказа́ло n). Pronouns change (он / она́ / оно́). The rule is mostly mechanical: ending in a consonant → m, ending in -а / -я → f, ending in -о / -е → n, but trap words exist: па́па (dad, m despite -а ending), мать / дочь (m-looking soft-sign nouns that are actually f), вре́мя (time, n despite -я ending). Every noun card carries m / f / n so you learn the gender at the same time as the word — far easier than retrofitting it a year later.

What's BGN/PCGN romanization and why use it instead of ISO 9?

BGN/PCGN is the 1947 transliteration scheme jointly adopted by the US Board on Geographic Names and the UK Permanent Committee on Geographical Names — it's what the State Department, the BBC, and most English-language maps use for Russian place names ("Moskva", "Sankt-Peterburg", "Chaykovsky"). It chooses readable digraphs (zh / sh / ch / shch) over the scientific ISO 9 single-letter forms (ž / š / č / ŝ), so an English-speaker can sound out the romanization without learning a new alphabet first. The goal of this tool is to get you reading Cyrillic within a week; the romanization is a temporary scaffold, not the destination. Once you can read Cyrillic, hide it.

Why do you list быть (to be) as future tense, not present?

Because Russian "to be" has no present-tense form. "I am a student" in Russian is just "Я студе́нт" (literally "I student") — no verb. The verb быть only conjugates in past (был / была́ / бы́ло / бы́ли) and future (бу́ду / бу́дешь / бу́дет / бу́дем / бу́дете / бу́дут). The conjugation table on the быть card is therefore the future tense, which is what you'd actually use ("я бу́ду до́ма" — "I will be home"). The implicit zero-form present is one of the very first things to internalize: drop "am / is / are" entirely and just put the noun next to the pronoun.

Pass the TORFL A1 reading section by reading kiosk signs

You have a TORFL A1 exam in six weeks and the reading section throws metro signs, shop names, and price tags at you. Filter to numbers, transport, and daily life, drill the 60-odd cards until you can read «Вход», «Выход», «Касса», «Закрыто» without the romanization, then hide the Latin scaffold. Most A1 takers fail reading not on grammar but on raw decoding speed; these cards build that.

Survive a doctor visit on a study-abroad homestay

You twisted an ankle in Saint Petersburg and the clinic receptionist speaks zero English. Star the body-parts and emotions categories the night before, drill «нога́», «боли́т», «голова́», «температу́ра» with the ru-RU TTS so you hear real stress placement, and walk in able to point and name 15 body parts. Fifteen words is the difference between miming and being understood.

Stop mispronouncing your first 75 verbs

You learned «говори́ть» from a textbook that printed no stress, so you've been saying «го́ворить» for a month and natives keep asking «что?». Open any verb card, tap play, and the ru-RU voice reads the combining-acute stress: «говорю́», «говори́шь». Drill the full six-person table once and the reduction pattern locks in. Unlearning a wrong stress later costs ten times the effort.

Build a 40-word spaced-repetition list for the metro commute

You ride the metro 40 minutes a day and want offline study with no app login. Search «есть», «пить», «купи́ть», star the 40 words you keep forgetting, and they save to localStorage on your phone. The list survives a refresh and never touches a server. Re-open the page underground with no signal and your starred set is still there to scroll.

Russian 500 Essential Words — TORFL A1-A2, Cyrillic, Romanization, Gender, Conjugation & TTS (Free)

Russian 500 essential words covering the full TORFL A1-A2 syllabus, with Cyrillic, stress marks, BGN/PCGN romanization, gender, full verb conjugation, and audio TTS.

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Best for Removing repetitive cleanup work from everyday writing and operations.

Russian 500 Essential Words (TORFL A1-A2)

500 hand-picked TORFL A1-A2 Russian words drawn from the Sharoff frequency dictionary, the Russian National Corpus, and the official TORFL A1+A2 syllabus from the Russian Federal Ministry of Education. Fifteen categories: greetings, numbers, time, family, food, colors, animals, verbs (with full я / ты / он / мы / вы / они conjugation), adjectives, prepositions, body parts, weather, transport, daily life, and emotions. Click any card to expand. Tap play to hear the word in your OS Russian voice.

809 words

приве́тprivét[interjection]
hi (informal)(你好 (非正式))
здра́вствуйтеzdrávstvuyte[interjection]
hello (formal)(您好 (正式))
до свида́нияdo svidániya[interjection]
goodbye(再见 (正式))
пока́paká[interjection]
bye (informal)(回见 (非正式))
спаси́боspasíbo[interjection]
thank you(谢谢)
пожа́луйстаpozháluysta[interjection]
please / you're welcome(请 / 不客气)
извини́теizviníte[interjection]
sorry / excuse me (formal)(对不起 (正式))
даda[interjection]
yes(是 / 对)
нетnet[interjection]
no(不 / 不是)
до́брое у́троdóbroye útro[interjection]
good morning(早上好)
до́брый деньdóbry den[interjection]
good day(日安)
до́брый ве́черdóbry vécher[interjection]
good evening(晚上好)
споко́йной но́чиspokóynoy nóchi[interjection]
good night(晚安)
извини́izviní[interjection]
sorry (informal)(对不起 (非正式))
прости́теprostíte[interjection]
pardon / excuse me(请原谅 / 借光)
как дела́kak delá[interjection]
how are you(近况如何)
всё хорошо́vsyo khoroshó[interjection]
all is well(一切都好)
норма́льноnormálno[adverb]
fine / so-so(还行)
о́чень прия́тноóchen priyátno[interjection]
pleased to meet you(很高兴认识您)
добро́ пожа́ловатьdobró pozhálovat[interjection]
welcome(欢迎)
с пра́здникомs prázdnikom[interjection]
happy holiday(节日快乐)
с днём рожде́нияs dnyom rozhdéniya[interjection]
happy birthday(生日快乐)
уда́чиudáchi[interjection]
good luck(祝你好运)
согла́сенsoglásen[adjective]
I agree (m)(我同意 (男))
коне́чноkonéchno[adverb]
of course(当然)
оди́нodín[number]
one(一)
дваdva[number]
two(二)
триtri[number]
three(三)
четы́реchetýre[number]
four(四)
пятьpyat[number]
five(五)
шестьshest[number]
six(六)
семьsem[number]
seven(七)
во́семьvósem[number]
eight(八)
де́вятьdévyat[number]
nine(九)
де́сятьdésyat[number]
ten(十)
оди́ннадцатьodínnadtsat[number]
eleven(十一)
двена́дцатьdvenádtsat[number]
twelve(十二)
трина́дцатьtrinádtsat[number]
thirteen(十三)
пятна́дцатьpyatnádtsat[number]
fifteen(十五)
два́дцатьdvádtsat[number]
twenty(二十)
три́дцатьtrídtsat[number]
thirty(三十)
со́рокsórok[number]
forty(四十)
пятьдеся́тpyatdesyát[number]
fifty(五十)
стоsto[number]
one hundred(一百)
две́стиdvésti[number]
two hundred(两百)
пятьсо́тpyatsót[number]
five hundred(五百)
ты́сячаtýsyacha[number · f]
one thousand(一千)
миллио́нmillión[number]
one million(一百万)
пе́рвыйpérvy[number]
first(第一)
второ́йvtoróy[number]
second(第二)
тре́тийtrétiy[number]
third(第三)
полови́наpolovína[number · f]
half(一半)
че́твертьchétvert[number · f]
quarter(四分之一 / 一刻钟)
нольnol[number · m]
zero(零)
па́раpára[number · f]
pair / couple(一对 / 两个)
сего́дняsevódnya[adverb]
today(今天)
за́втраzáftra[adverb]
tomorrow(明天)
вчера́vcherá[adverb]
yesterday(昨天)
сейча́сseychás[adverb]
now(现在)
деньden[noun · m]
day(日 / 白天)
ночьnoch[noun · f]
night(夜晚)
неде́ляnedélya[noun · f]
week(周)
годgod[noun · m]
year(年)
у́троútro[noun · n]
morning(早上)
ве́черvécher[noun · m]
evening(傍晚 / 晚上)
часchas[noun · m]
hour(小时)
мину́таminúta[noun · f]
minute(分钟)
секу́ндаsekúnda[noun · f]
second(秒)
ме́сяцmésyats[noun · m]
month(月份 / 一个月)
понеде́льникponedélnik[noun · m]
Monday(星期一)
вто́рникvtórnik[noun · m]
Tuesday(星期二)
среда́sredá[noun · f]
Wednesday(星期三)
четве́ргchetvérg[noun · m]
Thursday(星期四)
пя́тницаpyátnitsa[noun · f]
Friday(星期五)
суббо́таsubbóta[noun · f]
Saturday(星期六)
воскресе́ньеvoskresénye[noun · n]
Sunday(星期日)
янва́рьyanvár[noun · m]
January(一月)
февра́льfevrál[noun · m]
February(二月)
мартmart[noun · m]
March(三月)
майmay[noun · m]
May(五月)
ию́льiyúl[noun · m]
July(七月)
сентя́брьsentyábr[noun · m]
September(九月)
декабря́dekabryá[noun · m]
December (gen.)(十二月 (二格))
весна́vesná[noun · f]
spring(春天)
ле́тоléto[noun · n]
summer(夏天)
о́сеньósen[noun · f]
autumn(秋天)
зима́zimá[noun · f]
winter(冬天)
вре́мяvrémya[noun · n]
time(时间)
по́здноpózdno[adverb]
late(晚 (副词))
ра́ноráno[adverb]
early(早 (副词))
оте́цotéts[noun · m]
father(父亲)
матьmat[noun · f]
mother(母亲)
братbrat[noun · m]
brother(兄弟)
сестра́sestrá[noun · f]
sister(姐妹)
сынsyn[noun · m]
son(儿子)
дочьdoch[noun · f]
daughter(女儿)
другdrug[noun · m]
friend (m)(朋友 (男))
семья́semyá[noun · f]
family(家庭)
па́паpápa[noun · m]
dad(爸爸 (口语))
ма́маmáma[noun · f]
mom(妈妈 (口语))
мужmuzh[noun · m]
husband(丈夫)
жена́zhená[noun · f]
wife(妻子)
де́душкаdédushka[noun · m]
grandfather(爷爷 / 外公)
ба́бушкаbábushka[noun · f]
grandmother(奶奶 / 外婆)
внукvnuk[noun · m]
grandson(孙子)
вну́чкаvnúchka[noun · f]
granddaughter(孙女)
дя́дяdyádya[noun · m]
uncle(叔叔 / 舅舅)
тётяtyótya[noun · f]
aunt(阿姨 / 姑姑)
подру́гаpodrúga[noun · f]
female friend(女性朋友)
ребёнокrebyónok[noun · m]
child(孩子)
де́тиdéti[noun · m]
children (pl)(孩子们 (复))
роди́телиrodíteli[noun · m]
parents (pl)(父母 (复))
вода́vodá[noun · f]
water(水)
хлебkhleb[noun · m]
bread(面包)
молоко́molokó[noun · n]
milk(牛奶)
чайchay[noun · m]
tea(茶)
ко́феkófe[noun · m]
coffee(咖啡)
мя́соmyáso[noun · n]
meat(肉)
я́блокоyábloko[noun · n]
apple(苹果)
сырsyr[noun · m]
cheese(奶酪)
ма́слоmáslo[noun · n]
butter / oil(黄油 / 油)
са́харsákhar[noun · m]
sugar(糖)
сольsol[noun · f]
salt(盐)
пе́рецpérets[noun · m]
pepper(胡椒 / 辣椒)
яйцо́yaytsó[noun · n]
egg(鸡蛋)
ры́баrýba[noun · f]
fish (food)(鱼 (食物))
ку́рицаkúritsa[noun · f]
chicken(鸡 / 鸡肉)
говя́динаgovyádina[noun · f]
beef(牛肉)
сви́нинаsvinína[noun · f]
pork(猪肉)
колбаса́kolbasá[noun · f]
sausage(香肠)
супsup[noun · m]
soup(汤)
борщborshch[noun · m]
borscht(红菜汤)
карто́шкаkartóshka[noun · f]
potato (colloq.)(土豆 (口语))
лукluk[noun · m]
onion(洋葱)
морко́вьmorkóv[noun · f]
carrot(胡萝卜)
капу́стаkapústa[noun · f]
cabbage(卷心菜)
помидо́рpomidór[noun · m]
tomato(西红柿)
огуре́цogurets[noun · m]
cucumber(黄瓜)
фруктfrukt[noun · m]
fruit(水果)
о́вощóvoshch[noun · m]
vegetable(蔬菜)
сала́тsalát[noun · m]
salad(沙拉)
пирожо́кpirozhók[noun · m]
pirozhok / small pie(小馅饼)
блинblin[noun · m]
blin / pancake(俄式薄饼)
пельме́ниpelméni[noun · m]
pelmeni / dumplings(俄式饺子)
бутербро́дbuterbród[noun · m]
sandwich(三明治)
конфе́таkonféta[noun · f]
candy(糖果)
шокола́дshokolád[noun · m]
chocolate(巧克力)
моро́женоеmorózhenoye[noun · n]
ice cream(冰淇淋)
тортtort[noun · m]
cake(蛋糕)
пи́ццаpíttsa[noun · f]
pizza(披萨)
сокsok[noun · m]
juice(果汁)
пи́воpívo[noun · n]
beer(啤酒)
вино́vinó[noun · n]
wine(葡萄酒)
за́втракzáftrak[noun · m]
breakfast(早餐)
обе́дobéd[noun · m]
lunch(午餐)
у́жинúzhin[noun · m]
dinner(晚餐)
ры́нокrýnok[noun · m]
market(市场)
кра́сныйkrásny[adjective]
red(红色的)
си́нийsíny[adjective]
blue (dark)(蓝色的 (深蓝))
зелёныйzelyóny[adjective]
green(绿色的)
жёлтыйzhyólty[adjective]
yellow(黄色的)
чёрныйchyórny[adjective]
black(黑色的)
бе́лыйbély[adjective]
white(白色的)
се́рыйséry[adjective]
gray(灰色的)
кори́чневыйkoríchnevy[adjective]
brown(棕色的)
голубо́йgoluboy[adjective]
light blue(浅蓝色的)
ро́зовыйrózovy[adjective]
pink(粉色的)
ора́нжевыйoránzhevy[adjective]
orange(橙色的)
фиоле́товыйfiolétovy[adjective]
purple(紫色的)
све́тлыйsvétly[adjective]
light / bright(浅色的 / 明亮的)
тёмныйtyómny[adjective]
dark(深色的 / 暗的)
я́ркийyárky[adjective]
bright / vivid(鲜艳的 / 亮的)
золото́йzolotóy[adjective]
gold / golden(金色的)
сере́бряныйserébryany[adjective]
silver(银色的)
цветtsvet[noun · m]
color (noun)(颜色)
соба́каsobáka[noun · f]
dog(狗)
ко́шкаkóshka[noun · f]
cat(猫)
ло́шадьlóshad[noun · f]
horse(马)
пти́цаptítsa[noun · f]
bird(鸟)
ёжyozh[noun · m]
hedgehog(刺猬)
коро́ваkoróva[noun · f]
cow(奶牛)
котkot[noun · m]
tomcat(公猫)
пёсpyos[noun · m]
male dog(公狗)
медве́дьmedvéd[noun · m]
bear(熊)
волкvolk[noun · m]
wolf(狼)
лиса́lisá[noun · f]
fox(狐狸)
за́яцzáyats[noun · m]
hare(兔子)
мышьmysh[noun · f]
mouse(老鼠)
свинья́svinyá[noun · f]
pig(猪)
овца́ovtsá[noun · f]
sheep(羊)
коза́kozá[noun · f]
goat(山羊)
пету́хpetúkh[noun · m]
rooster(公鸡)
у́ткаútka[noun · f]
duck(鸭子)
слонslon[noun · m]
elephant(大象)
тигрtigr[noun · m]
tiger(老虎)
левlev[noun · m]
lion(狮子)
обезья́наobezyána[noun · f]
monkey(猴子)
ры́бкаrýbka[noun · f]
little fish(小鱼)
живо́тноеzhivótnoye[noun · n]
animal(动物)
насеко́моеnasekómoye[noun · n]
insect(昆虫)
бытьbyt[verb]
to be(是 / 在 / 存在)
име́тьimét[verb]
to have(拥有)
идти́ittí[verb]
to go (on foot, one direction)(去 / 走 (单向, 步行))
де́латьdélat[verb]
to do / make(做)
говори́тьgovorít[verb]
to speak / say(说)
ви́детьvídet[verb]
to see(看见)
знатьznat[verb]
to know(知道)
мочьmoch[verb]
to be able to(能 / 可以)
хоте́тьkhotét[verb]
to want(想要)
люби́тьlyubít[verb]
to love / like(爱 / 喜欢)
житьzhit[verb]
to live(住 / 生活)
рабо́татьrabótat[verb]
to work(工作)
чита́тьchitát[verb]
to read(读)
писа́тьpisát[verb]
to write(写)
естьyest[verb]
to eat(吃)
питьpit[verb]
to drink(喝)
учи́тьuchít[verb]
to study (transitive)(学习 (及物))
понима́тьponimát[verb]
to understand(理解)
дава́тьdavát[verb]
to give(给)
спатьspat[verb]
to sleep(睡觉)
е́хатьyékhat[verb]
to go (by vehicle)(去 / 走 (乘车单向))
ходи́тьkhodít[verb]
to go (on foot, repeated)(走 / 去 (反复, 步行))
е́здитьyézdit[verb]
to go by vehicle (repeated)(坐车走 (反复))
лете́тьletét[verb]
to fly (one direction)(飞 (单向))
бежа́тьbezhát[verb]
to run(跑)
сиде́тьsidét[verb]
to sit(坐)
стоя́тьstoyát[verb]
to stand(站立)
лежа́тьlezhát[verb]
to lie / be lying(躺)
встава́тьvstavát[verb]
to get up(起床 / 站起来)
са́дитьсяsáditsa[verb]
to sit down(坐下)
слу́шатьslúshat[verb]
to listen(听)
слы́шатьslýshat[verb]
to hear(听见)
смотре́тьsmotrét[verb]
to watch / look(看 / 观看)
покупа́тьpokupát[verb]
to buy(买)
продава́тьprodavát[verb]
to sell(卖)
помога́тьpomogát[verb]
to help(帮助)
гото́витьgotóvit[verb]
to cook / prepare(做饭 / 准备)
зна́комитьсяznakómitsa[verb]
to meet / get acquainted(认识 / 结识)
зватьzvat[verb]
to call (by name)(叫 / 呼唤)
звони́тьzvonít[verb]
to call / phone(打电话)
спра́шиватьspráshivat[verb]
to ask (a question)(问)
отвеча́тьotvechát[verb]
to answer(回答)
ду́матьdúmat[verb]
to think(想 / 思考)
счита́тьschitát[verb]
to count / consider(数 / 认为)
повторя́тьpovtoryát[verb]
to repeat(重复)
начина́тьnachinát[verb]
to begin / start(开始)
конча́тьkonchát[verb]
to finish(结束 / 完成)
игра́тьigrát[verb]
to play(玩 / 演奏)
петьpet[verb]
to sing(唱歌)
танцева́тьtantsevát[verb]
to dance(跳舞)
пла́ватьplávat[verb]
to swim(游泳)
рисова́тьrisovát[verb]
to draw(画画)
расска́зыватьrasskázyvat[verb]
to tell / narrate(讲述)
забыва́тьzabyvát[verb]
to forget(忘记)
по́мнитьpómnit[verb]
to remember(记得)
иска́тьiskát[verb]
to look for(找 / 寻找)
находи́тьnakhodít[verb]
to find(找到)
теря́тьteryát[verb]
to lose(丢失)
открыва́тьotkryvát[verb]
to open(打开)
закрыва́тьzakryvát[verb]
to close(关上)
братьbrat[verb]
to take(拿 / 取)
кластьklast[verb]
to put / place(放置)
встреча́тьvstrechát[verb]
to meet(迎接 / 遇见)
отдыха́тьotdykhát[verb]
to rest(休息)
боле́тьbolét[verb]
to be sick / ache(生病)
одева́тьсяodevátsa[verb]
to get dressed(穿衣服)
мытьmyt[verb]
to wash(洗)
убира́тьubirát[verb]
to tidy / clean up(收拾 / 打扫)
сто́итьstóit[verb]
to cost(值 / 花费)
пла́титьplatít[verb]
to pay(支付)
путеше́ствоватьputeshéstvovat[verb]
to travel(旅行)
занима́тьсяzanimátsa[verb]
to study / be engaged in(从事 / 学习)
учи́тьсяuchítsa[verb]
to study (intransitive)(上学 / 学习 (不及物))
хвата́тьkhvatát[verb]
to be enough / grab(够 / 抓住)
боя́тьсяboyátsa[verb]
to be afraid(害怕)
сме́ятьсяsmeyátsa[verb]
to laugh(笑)
пла́катьplákat[verb]
to cry(哭)
улыба́тьсяulybátsa[verb]
to smile(微笑)
большо́йbolshóy[adjective]
big / large(大的)
ма́ленькийmálenky[adjective]
small(小的)
хоро́шийkhoróshy[adjective]
good(好的)
плохо́йplokhóy[adjective]
bad(坏的)
но́выйnóvy[adjective]
new(新的)
ста́рыйstáry[adjective]
old(旧的 / 老的)
краси́выйkrasívy[adjective]
beautiful(漂亮的)
лёгкийlyókhky[adjective]
easy / light(容易的 / 轻的)
тру́дныйtrúdny[adjective]
difficult(困难的)
горя́чийgoryáchy[adjective]
hot (to touch)(热的 (摸起来烫))
холо́дныйkholódny[adjective]
cold(冷的)
счастли́выйschastlívy[adjective]
happy(高兴的 / 幸福的)
молодо́йmolodóy[adjective]
young(年轻的)
у́мныйúmny[adjective]
smart(聪明的)
глу́пыйglúpy[adjective]
silly / stupid(愚蠢的)
до́брыйdóbry[adjective]
kind(善良的)
злойzloy[adjective]
angry / mean(凶的 / 生气的)
ве́селvésel[adjective]
cheerful(愉快的)
гру́стныйgrústny[adjective]
sad(难过的)
бы́стрыйbýstry[adjective]
fast(快的)
ме́дленныйmédlenny[adjective]
slow(慢的)
мо́крыйmókry[adjective]
wet(湿的)
тяжёлыйtyazhyóly[adjective]
heavy / hard(重的 / 难的)
коро́ткийkorótky[adjective]
short(短的)
дли́нныйdlínny[adjective]
long(长的)
широ́кийshiróky[adjective]
wide(宽的)
у́зкийúzky[adjective]
narrow(窄的)
высо́кийvysóky[adjective]
tall / high(高的)
ни́зкийnízky[adjective]
short / low(矮的 / 低的)
то́лстыйtólsty[adjective]
thick / fat(厚的 / 胖的)
то́нкийtónky[adjective]
thin(薄的 / 瘦的)
бога́тыйbogáty[adjective]
rich(富有的)
бе́дныйbédny[adjective]
poor(穷的 / 可怜的)
чи́стыйchísty[adjective]
clean(干净的)
гря́зныйgryázny[adjective]
dirty(脏的)
све́жийsvézhy[adjective]
fresh(新鲜的)
вку́сныйvkúsny[adjective]
tasty(好吃的)
сла́дкийsládky[adjective]
sweet(甜的)
ки́слыйkísly[adjective]
sour(酸的)
го́рькийgórky[adjective]
bitter(苦的)
солёныйsolyóny[adjective]
salty(咸的)
ва́жныйvázhny[adjective]
important(重要的)
интере́сныйinterésny[adjective]
interesting(有趣的)
ску́чныйskúchny[adjective]
boring(无聊的)
прия́тныйpriyátny[adjective]
pleasant(令人愉快的)
извини́тельныйizvinítelny[adjective]
excusable(可以原谅的)
просто́йprostoy[adjective]
simple(简单的)
сло́жныйslózhny[adjective]
complex(复杂的)
пра́вильныйprávilny[adjective]
correct(正确的)
гото́выйgotóvy[adjective]
ready(准备好的)
вv[preposition]
in / into(在...里 / 到...里)
наna[preposition]
on / onto(在...上 / 到...上)
сs[preposition]
with / from(和...一起 / 从...上)
уu[preposition]
at / by / by someone (have)(在...旁 / ...有)
кk[preposition]
to / towards(向 / 到...这里)
отot[preposition]
from / away from(从 / 离开)
дляdlya[preposition]
for(为了 / 给)
безbez[preposition]
without(没有 / 不带)
ме́ждуmézhdu[preposition]
between(在...之间)
подpod[preposition]
under(在...下面)
надnad[preposition]
above / over(在...上方)
пе́редpéred[preposition]
in front of / before(在...前面)
заza[preposition]
behind / for(在...后面 / 为了)
поpo[preposition]
along / according to(沿着 / 按)
че́резchérez[preposition]
through / after(穿过 / 过...之后)
оo[preposition]
about(关于)
по́слеpósle[preposition]
after(在...之后)
доdo[preposition]
until / before(在...之前 / 直到)
о́колоókolo[preposition]
near / about(在...旁边 / 大约)
изiz[preposition]
from / out of(从...里出来)
голова́golová[noun · f]
head(头)
лицо́litsó[noun · n]
face(脸)
во́лосыvólosy[noun · m]
hair (pl)(头发 (复))
глазglaz[noun · m]
eye(眼睛)
носnos[noun · m]
nose(鼻子)
у́хоúkho[noun · n]
ear(耳朵)
ротrot[noun · m]
mouth(嘴)
зубzub[noun · m]
tooth(牙齿)
язы́кyazýk[noun · m]
tongue / language(舌头 / 语言)
гу́быgúby[noun · f]
lips (pl)(嘴唇 (复))
ше́яshéya[noun · f]
neck(脖子)
плечо́plechó[noun · n]
shoulder(肩膀)
рука́ruká[noun · f]
hand / arm(手 / 胳膊)
па́лецpálets[noun · m]
finger(手指)
нога́nogá[noun · f]
leg / foot(腿 / 脚)
коле́ноkolyéno[noun · n]
knee(膝盖)
спина́spiná[noun · f]
back(背)
живо́тzhivót[noun · m]
belly / stomach(肚子)
се́рдцеsérdtse[noun · n]
heart(心脏)
грудьgrud[noun · f]
chest(胸)
кровьkrov[noun · f]
blood(血)
ко́жаkózha[noun · f]
skin(皮肤)
те́лоtélo[noun · n]
body(身体)
бровьbrov[noun · f]
eyebrow(眉毛)
ресни́цыresnítsy[noun · f]
eyelashes (pl)(睫毛 (复))
щека́shchyoká[noun · f]
cheek(脸颊)
подборо́докpodboródok[noun · m]
chin(下巴)
лобlob[noun · m]
forehead(额头)
сто́паstópa[noun · f]
foot(脚掌)
больbol[noun · f]
pain(疼痛)
пого́даpogóda[noun · f]
weather(天气)
со́лнцеsóntse[noun · n]
sun(太阳)
луна́luná[noun · f]
moon(月亮)
звезда́zvezdá[noun · f]
star(星星)
не́боnébo[noun · n]
sky(天空)
о́блакоóblako[noun · n]
cloud(云)
дождьdozhd[noun · m]
rain(雨)
снегsneg[noun · m]
snow(雪)
ве́терvéter[noun · m]
wind(风)
гроза́grozá[noun · f]
thunderstorm(雷雨 / 暴风雨)
громgrom[noun · m]
thunder(雷)
мо́лнияmólniya[noun · f]
lightning(闪电)
тума́нtumán[noun · m]
fog(雾)
лёдlyod[noun · m]
ice(冰)
гра́дусgrádus[noun · m]
degree(度 (温度))
температу́раtemperatúra[noun · f]
temperature(温度)
тепло́tepló[noun · n]
warmth / warm(温暖)
хо́лодkhólod[noun · m]
cold (noun)(寒冷)
жара́zhará[noun · f]
heat (hot weather)(炎热)
тёплыйtyóply[adjective]
warm(温暖的)
прохла́дныйprokhládny[adjective]
cool(凉爽的)
со́лнечныйsólnechny[adjective]
sunny(阳光明媚的)
обла́чныйoblachny[adjective]
cloudy(多云的)
дождли́выйdozhdlívy[adjective]
rainy(多雨的)
моро́зmoróz[noun · m]
frost(严寒)
маши́наmashína[noun · f]
car(汽车)
авто́бусavtóbus[noun · m]
bus(公交车)
трамва́йtramváy[noun · m]
tram(有轨电车)
тролле́йбусtralléybus[noun · m]
trolleybus(无轨电车)
метро́metró[noun · n]
metro(地铁)
по́ездpóyezd[noun · m]
train(火车)
самолётsamolyót[noun · m]
plane(飞机)
кора́бльkorábl[noun · m]
ship(船)
ло́дкаlódka[noun · f]
boat(小船)
велосипе́дvelosipéd[noun · m]
bicycle(自行车)
мотоци́клmototsíkl[noun · m]
motorcycle(摩托车)
такси́taksí[noun · n]
taxi(出租车)
вокза́лvokzál[noun · m]
train station(火车站)
аэропо́ртaeropórt[noun · m]
airport(机场)
остано́вкаostanóvka[noun · f]
stop(车站)
у́лицаúlitsa[noun · f]
street(街道)
доро́гаdoróga[noun · f]
road(路)
мостmost[noun · m]
bridge(桥)
биле́тbilét[noun · m]
ticket(票)
води́тельvodítel[noun · m]
driver(司机)
пассажи́рpassazhír[noun · m]
passenger(乘客)
бензи́нbenzín[noun · m]
gasoline(汽油)
све́чкаsvéchka[noun · f]
traffic light (colloq.)(红绿灯前的灯)
пешехо́дpeshekhód[noun · m]
pedestrian(行人)
путьput[noun · m]
way / path(路途 / 路)
домdom[noun · m]
house / home(房子 / 家)
кварти́раkvartíra[noun · f]
apartment(公寓)
ко́мнатаkómnata[noun · f]
room(房间)
ку́хняkúkhnya[noun · f]
kitchen(厨房)
ва́ннаяvánnaya[noun · f]
bathroom(浴室)
спа́льняspálnya[noun · f]
bedroom(卧室)
столstol[noun · m]
table(桌子)
стулstul[noun · m]
chair(椅子)
крова́тьkrovát[noun · f]
bed(床)
окно́oknó[noun · n]
window(窗户)
дверьdver[noun · f]
door(门)
кни́гаkníga[noun · f]
book(书)
телефо́нtelefón[noun · m]
phone(电话)
компью́терkompyúter[noun · m]
computer(电脑)
телеви́зорtelevízor[noun · m]
television(电视)
часы́chasý[noun · m]
clock / watch (pl)(钟 / 表 (复))
ключklyuch[noun · m]
key(钥匙)
су́мкаsúmka[noun · f]
bag(包)
кошелёкkoshelyók[noun · m]
wallet(钱包)
де́ньгиdéngi[noun · f]
money (pl)(钱 (复))
магази́нmagazín[noun · m]
shop(商店)
кафе́kafé[noun · n]
café(咖啡馆)
рестора́нrestorán[noun · m]
restaurant(餐厅)
гости́ницаgostínitsa[noun · f]
hotel(酒店)
шко́лаshkóla[noun · f]
school(学校)
университе́тuniversitét[noun · m]
university(大学)
рабо́таrabóta[noun · f]
work(工作)
о́фисófis[noun · m]
office(办公室)
па́ркpark[noun · m]
park(公园)
го́родgórod[noun · m]
city(城市)
страна́straná[noun · f]
country(国家)
оде́ждаodézhda[noun · f]
clothes(衣服)
руба́шкаrubáshka[noun · f]
shirt(衬衫)
брю́киbryúki[noun · m]
trousers (pl)(裤子 (复))
пла́тьеplátye[noun · n]
dress(连衣裙)
боти́нкиbotínki[noun · m]
boots / shoes (pl)(皮鞋 (复))
ку́рткаkúrtka[noun · f]
jacket(夹克)
ша́пкаshápka[noun · f]
hat(帽子)
зо́нтикzóntik[noun · m]
umbrella(雨伞)
письмо́pismó[noun · n]
letter(信)
ра́достьrádost[noun · f]
joy(喜悦)
грустьgrust[noun · f]
sadness(悲伤)
любо́вьlyubóv[noun · f]
love(爱)
сча́стьеschástye[noun · n]
happiness(幸福)
страхstrakh[noun · m]
fear(恐惧)
гневgnev[noun · m]
anger(愤怒)
ра́достныйrádostny[adjective]
joyful(快乐的)
уста́лыйustály[adjective]
tired(疲倦的)
дово́льныйdovólny[adjective]
satisfied(满意的)
споко́йныйspokóyny[adjective]
calm(平静的)
не́рвныйnérvny[adjective]
nervous(紧张的)
серди́тыйserdíty[adjective]
angry(生气的)
одино́кийodinóky[adjective]
lonely(孤独的)
благода́рныйblagodárny[adjective]
grateful(感激的)
весёлыйvesyóly[adjective]
cheerful(快乐的)
за́нятzányat[adjective]
busy (m)(忙的 (男))
свобо́денsvobóden[adjective]
free (m)(空闲的 (男))
сме́лыйsmély[adjective]
brave(勇敢的)
засте́нчивыйzasténchivy[adjective]
shy(害羞的)
терпели́выйterpelívy[adjective]
patient(有耐心的)
че́стныйchéstny[adjective]
honest(诚实的)
ле́нивыйlenívy[adjective]
lazy(懒的)
го́рдостьgórdost[noun · f]
pride(骄傲 / 自豪)
стыдstyd[noun · m]
shame(羞愧)
наде́ждаnadézhda[noun · f]
hope(希望)
мечта́mechtá[noun · f]
dream(梦想)
ску́каskúka[noun · f]
boredom(无聊)
у́дачаúdacha[noun · f]
luck(幸运)
гру́стноgrústno[adverb]
sadly(难过 (副))
ве́селоvéselo[adverb]
cheerfully / fun(开心 (副))
обижа́тьсяobizhátsa[verb]
to take offense(生气 / 委屈)
зли́тьсяzlítsa[verb]
to be angry(愤怒)
волнова́тьсяvolnovátsa[verb]
to worry(担心)
наде́ятьсяnadéyatsa[verb]
to hope(希望)
удивля́тьсяudivlyátsa[verb]
to be surprised(感到惊讶)
ничего́nichevó[adverb]
nothing / not bad(没事 / 还行)
споко́йноspokóyno[adverb]
calm down / take it easy(别急 / 冷静)
приятного аппети́таpriyátnovo appetíta[interjection]
enjoy your meal(请慢用)
будь здоро́вbud zdoróv[interjection]
bless you / take care(保重 / (打喷嚏后)祝健康)
рад вас ви́детьrad vas vídet[interjection]
glad to see you(见到您很高兴)
до встре́чиdo vstréchi[interjection]
see you(回头见)
всего́ хоро́шегоvsevó khoróshevo[interjection]
all the best(一切顺利 (道别))
не́ за чтоné za chto[interjection]
don't mention it(不用谢)
с удово́льствиемs udovólstviyem[interjection]
with pleasure(乐意之至)
как тебя́ зову́тkak tebyá zovút[interjection]
what's your name(你叫什么名字)
четы́рнадцатьchetýrnadtsat[number]
fourteen(十四)
шестна́дцатьshestnádtsat[number]
sixteen(十六)
семна́дцатьsemnádtsat[number]
seventeen(十七)
восемна́дцатьvosemnádtsat[number]
eighteen(十八)
девятна́дцатьdevyatnádtsat[number]
nineteen(十九)
се́мьдесятsémdesyat[number]
seventy(七十)
во́семьдесятvósemdesyat[number]
eighty(八十)
девяно́стоdevyanósto[number]
ninety(九十)
апре́льaprél[noun · m]
April(四月)
а́вгустávgust[noun · m]
August(八月)
октя́брьoktyábr[noun · m]
October(十月)
ноя́брьnoyábr[noun · m]
November(十一月)
у́тромútrom[adverb]
in the morning(在早上)
ве́черомvécherom[adverb]
in the evening(在晚上)
днёмdnyom[adverb]
during the day(在白天)
но́чьюnóchyu[adverb]
at night(在夜里)
всегда́vsegdá[adverb]
always(总是)
никогда́nikogdá[adverb]
never(从不)
ча́стоchásto[adverb]
often(经常)
ре́дкоrédko[adverb]
rarely(很少)
иногда́inogdá[adverb]
sometimes(有时)
обы́чноobýchno[adverb]
usually(通常)
роди́тельrodítel[noun · m]
parent(家长 (单数))
сосе́дsoséd[noun · m]
neighbor (m)(邻居 (男))
сосе́дкаsosédka[noun · f]
neighbor (f)(邻居 (女))
тёщаtyóshcha[noun · f]
mother-in-law (wife's mother)(岳母)
сва́дьбаsvádba[noun · f]
wedding(婚礼)
челове́кchelovék[noun · m]
person(人)
лю́диlyúdi[noun · m]
people (pl)(人们 (复))
па́реньpáren[noun · m]
guy / boyfriend(小伙子 / 男友)
ка́шаkásha[noun · f]
porridge / kasha(粥)
макаро́ныmakaróny[noun · m]
pasta / macaroni(意面 / 通心粉)
рисris[noun · m]
rice(米饭)
грибgrib[noun · m]
mushroom(蘑菇)
смета́наsmetána[noun · f]
sour cream(酸奶油)
тво́рогtvórog[noun · m]
cottage cheese(凝乳 / 农家奶酪)
мёдmyod[noun · m]
honey(蜂蜜)
варе́ньеvarénye[noun · n]
jam(果酱)
пече́ньеpechénye[noun · n]
cookie(饼干)
бана́нbanán[noun · m]
banana(香蕉)
апельси́нapelsín[noun · m]
orange(橙子)
лимо́нlimón[noun · m]
lemon(柠檬)
виногра́дvinográd[noun · m]
grapes(葡萄)
арбу́зarbúz[noun · m]
watermelon(西瓜)
я́годаyágoda[noun · f]
berry(浆果)
оре́хorékh[noun · m]
nut(坚果)
таре́лкаtarélka[noun · f]
plate(盘子)
ча́шкаcháshka[noun · f]
cup(杯子 (带把))
стака́нstakán[noun · m]
glass(玻璃杯)
ло́жкаlóshka[noun · f]
spoon(勺子)
ви́лкаvílka[noun · f]
fork(叉子)
буты́лкаbutýlka[noun · f]
bottle(瓶子)
мука́muká[noun · f]
flour(面粉)
за́втракатьzáftrakat[verb]
to have breakfast(吃早餐)
бордо́выйbordóvy[adjective]
maroon / burgundy(酒红色的)
бе́жевыйbézhevy[adjective]
beige(米色的)
пёстрыйpyostry[adjective]
multicolored(花色的 / 斑斓的)
бле́дныйblédny[adjective]
pale(苍白的 / 淡的)
прозра́чныйprozráchny[adjective]
transparent(透明的)
щено́кshchenók[noun · m]
puppy(小狗)
котёнокkotyónok[noun · m]
kitten(小猫)
бе́лкаbélka[noun · f]
squirrel(松鼠)
оле́ньolén[noun · m]
deer(鹿)
верблю́дverblyúd[noun · m]
camel(骆驼)
жира́фzhiráf[noun · m]
giraffe(长颈鹿)
крокоди́лkrokodíl[noun · m]
crocodile(鳄鱼)
змея́zmeyá[noun · f]
snake(蛇)
лягу́шкаlyagúshka[noun · f]
frog(青蛙)
ба́бочкаbábochka[noun · f]
butterfly(蝴蝶)
пчела́pchelá[noun · f]
bee(蜜蜂)
кома́рkomár[noun · m]
mosquito(蚊子)
ло́котьlókot[noun · m]
elbow(肘部)
запя́стьеzapyástye[noun · n]
wrist(手腕)
ла́доньladón[noun · f]
palm(手掌)
ло́дыжкаlódyzhka[noun · f]
ankle(脚踝)
пя́ткаpyátka[noun · f]
heel(脚后跟)
лёгкиеlyókhkiye[noun · n]
lungs(肺 (复))
желу́докzhelúdok[noun · m]
stomach(胃)
мозгmozg[noun · m]
brain(大脑)
ко́стиkósti[noun · f]
bones(骨头 (复))
мы́шцаmýshtsa[noun · f]
muscle(肌肉)
ра́дугаráduga[noun · f]
rainbow(彩虹)
ли́веньlíven[noun · m]
downpour(暴雨)
су́меркиsúmerki[noun · m]
dusk / twilight(黄昏)
за́сухаzásukha[noun · f]
drought(干旱)
наводне́ниеnavodnéniye[noun · n]
flood(洪水)
па́смурноpásmurno[adverb]
overcast(阴天 (副词))
ве́треноvétreno[adverb]
windy(刮风 (副词))
сы́ростьsýrost[noun · f]
dampness / humidity(潮湿)
грузови́кgruzovík[noun · m]
truck(卡车)
ско́рая по́мощьskóraya pómoshch[noun · f]
ambulance(救护车)
вертолётvertolyót[noun · m]
helicopter(直升机)
паро́мparóm[noun · m]
ferry(渡轮)
по́езд метро́póyezd metró[noun · m]
metro train(地铁列车)
маршру́ткаmarshrútka[noun · f]
minibus / marshrutka(小巴)
коле́соkolesó[noun · n]
wheel(车轮)
рульrul[noun · m]
steering wheel(方向盘)
све́тофорsvetofór[noun · m]
traffic light(红绿灯)
перекрёстокperekryóstok[noun · m]
crossroads(十字路口)
про́бкаprópka[noun · f]
traffic jam(堵车)
кре́слоkréslo[noun · n]
armchair(扶手椅)
дива́нdiván[noun · m]
sofa(沙发)
шкафshkaf[noun · m]
cupboard / wardrobe(柜子 / 衣橱)
по́лкаpólka[noun · f]
shelf(架子)
зе́ркалоzérkalo[noun · n]
mirror(镜子)
ла́мпаlámpa[noun · f]
lamp(台灯 / 灯)
ковёрkovyór[noun · m]
carpet(地毯)
полpol[noun · m]
floor(地板)
потоло́кpotolók[noun · m]
ceiling(天花板)
стена́stená[noun · f]
wall(墙)
холоди́льникkholodílnik[noun · m]
refrigerator(冰箱)
плита́plitá[noun · f]
stove(炉灶)
посу́даposúda[noun · f]
dishes / tableware(餐具)
полоте́нцеpoloténtse[noun · n]
towel(毛巾)
мы́лоmýlo[noun · n]
soap(肥皂)
щёткаshchyótka[noun · f]
brush(刷子 / 牙刷)
бума́гаbumága[noun · f]
paper(纸)
ру́чкаrúchka[noun · f]
pen / handle(笔 / 把手)
каранда́шkarandásh[noun · m]
pencil(铅笔)
тетра́дьtetrád[noun · f]
notebook(本子)
газе́таgazéta[noun · f]
newspaper(报纸)
журна́лzhurnál[noun · m]
magazine(杂志)
фотогра́фияfotográfiya[noun · f]
photograph(照片)
музе́йmuzéy[noun · m]
museum(博物馆)
теа́трteátr[noun · m]
theater(剧院)
кино́kinó[noun · n]
cinema / movie(电影院 / 电影)
библиоте́каbibliotéka[noun · f]
library(图书馆)
больни́цаbolnítsa[noun · f]
hospital(医院)
апте́каaptéka[noun · f]
pharmacy(药店)
по́чтаpóchta[noun · f]
post office / mail(邮局 / 邮件)
банкbank[noun · m]
bank(银行)
це́рковьtsérkov[noun · f]
church(教堂)
пло́щадьplóshchad[noun · f]
square(广场)
лесles[noun · m]
forest(森林)
река́reká[noun · f]
river(河)
мо́реmóre[noun · n]
sea(海)
гора́gorá[noun · f]
mountain(山)
по́леpóle[noun · n]
field(田野)
дере́вняderévnya[noun · f]
village / countryside(乡村)
рабо́чийrabóchy[noun · m]
worker(工人)
учи́тельuchítel[noun · m]
teacher(老师)
врачvrach[noun · m]
doctor(医生)
студе́нтstudént[noun · m]
student (m)(大学生 (男))
инжене́рinzhenér[noun · m]
engineer(工程师)
продаве́цprodavéts[noun · m]
salesperson(售货员)
рабо́чий деньrabóchy den[noun · m]
workday(工作日)
зада́чаzadácha[noun · f]
task / problem(任务 / 题目)
вопро́сvoprós[noun · m]
question(问题)
отве́тotvét[noun · m]
answer(答案)
сло́воslóvo[noun · n]
word(词 / 话)
пока́зыватьpokázyvat[verb]
to show(展示 / 给…看)
объясня́тьobyasnyát[verb]
to explain(解释)
реша́тьreshát[verb]
to solve / decide(解决 / 决定)
проверя́тьproveryát[verb]
to check(检查)
выбира́тьvybirát[verb]
to choose(选择)
меня́тьmenyát[verb]
to change(改变 / 更换)
наде́тьnadét[verb]
to put on (clothes)(穿上)
снима́тьsnimát[verb]
to take off / rent / film(脱下 / 租 / 拍摄)
стро́итьstróit[verb]
to build(建造)
лома́тьlomát[verb]
to break(弄坏 / 折断)
чи́нитьchinít[verb]
to repair(修理)
гуля́тьgulyát[verb]
to take a walk(散步 / 玩耍)
отправля́тьotpravlyát[verb]
to send(寄出 / 发送)
получа́тьpoluchát[verb]
to receive(收到)
дари́тьdarít[verb]
to give as a gift(赠送)
приглаша́тьpriglashát[verb]
to invite(邀请)
встреча́тьсяvstrechátsa[verb]
to meet / date(会面 / 交往)
проща́тьсяproshchátsa[verb]
to say goodbye(告别)
соглаша́тьсяsoglashátsa[verb]
to agree(同意)
замеча́тьzamechát[verb]
to notice(注意到)
понра́витьсяponrávitsa[verb]
to come to like(喜欢上 / 中意)
возвраща́тьсяvozvrashchátsa[verb]
to return(返回)
остава́тьсяostavátsa[verb]
to stay / remain(留下 / 剩下)
па́датьpádat[verb]
to fall(跌倒 / 下落)
броса́тьbrosát[verb]
to throw / quit(扔 / 放弃)
лови́тьlovít[verb]
to catch(抓 / 捕)
носи́тьnosít[verb]
to wear / carry(穿戴 / 携带)
гото́витьсяgotóvitsa[verb]
to get ready / prepare(准备 / 备考)
разреша́тьrazreshát[verb]
to allow(允许)
запреща́тьzapreshchát[verb]
to forbid(禁止)
проси́тьprosít[verb]
to ask for / request(请求)
благодари́тьblagodarít[verb]
to thank(感谢)
извиня́тьсяizvinyátsa[verb]
to apologize(道歉)
по́льзоватьсяpólzovatsa[verb]
to use(使用)
включа́тьvklyuchát[verb]
to turn on(打开 (开关))
выключа́тьvyklyuchát[verb]
to turn off(关闭 (开关))
переводи́тьperevodít[verb]
to translate(翻译)
запомина́тьzapominát[verb]
to memorize(记住)
мечта́тьmechtát[verb]
to dream of(梦想 / 憧憬)
наблюда́тьnablyudát[verb]
to observe(观察)
здоро́ватьсяzdoróvatsa[verb]
to greet(打招呼)
купа́тьсяkupátsa[verb]
to bathe / swim(洗澡 / 游泳)
ложи́тьсяlozhítsa[verb]
to lie down(躺下 / 上床)
просыпа́тьсяprosypátsa[verb]
to wake up(醒来)
лечи́тьlechít[verb]
to treat / cure(治疗)
расти́rastí[verb]
to grow(生长 / 成长)
умира́тьumirát[verb]
to die(死去)
рожда́тьсяrozhdátsa[verb]
to be born(出生)
пры́гатьprýgat[verb]
to jump(跳跃)
крича́тьkrichát[verb]
to shout(喊叫)
молча́тьmolchát[verb]
to keep silent(沉默)
шути́тьshutít[verb]
to joke(开玩笑)
кури́тьkurít[verb]
to smoke(吸烟)
после́днийposlédny[adjective]
last(最后的)
сле́дующийsléduyushchy[adjective]
next(下一个的)
пре́жнийprézhny[adjective]
former / previous(从前的)
гла́вныйglávny[adjective]
main(主要的)
обы́чныйobýchny[adjective]
ordinary / usual(普通的)
осо́бенныйosóbenny[adjective]
special(特别的)
изве́стныйizvéstny[adjective]
famous(著名的)
возмо́жныйvozmózhny[adjective]
possible(可能的)
необходи́мыйneobkhodímy[adjective]
necessary(必需的)
по́лныйpólny[adjective]
full / complete(满的 / 完整的)
пусто́йpustóy[adjective]
empty(空的)
откры́тыйotkrýty[adjective]
open(开着的)
закры́тыйzakrýty[adjective]
closed(关着的)
гро́мкийgrómky[adjective]
loud(响亮的)
ти́хийtíkhy[adjective]
quiet(安静的)
глубо́кийglubóky[adjective]
deep(深的)
ме́лкийmélky[adjective]
shallow / small(浅的 / 细小的)
твёрдыйtvyórdy[adjective]
hard / solid(硬的)
мя́гкийmyákhky[adjective]
soft(软的)
о́стрыйóstry[adjective]
sharp / spicy(锋利的 / 辣的)
удо́бныйudóbny[adjective]
comfortable / convenient(舒适的 / 方便的)
опа́сныйopásny[adjective]
dangerous(危险的)
безопа́сныйbezopásny[adjective]
safe(安全的)
здоро́выйzdoróvy[adjective]
healthy(健康的)
больно́йbolnóy[adjective]
sick / ill(生病的)
си́льныйsílny[adjective]
strong(强壮的 / 强的)
сла́быйsláby[adjective]
weak(虚弱的 / 弱的)
дорого́йdorogóy[adjective]
expensive / dear(贵的 / 亲爱的)
дешёвыйdeshyóvy[adjective]
cheap(便宜的)
настоя́щийnastoyáshchy[adjective]
real / genuine(真正的)
во вре́мяvo vrémya[preposition]
during(在…期间)
вме́стоvmésto[preposition]
instead of(代替)
кро́меkróme[preposition]
except / besides(除了)
благодаря́blagodaryá[preposition]
thanks to(由于 / 多亏)
про́тивprótiv[preposition]
against(反对 / 对面)
вокру́гvokrúg[preposition]
around(围绕 / 周围)
вдольvdol[preposition]
along(沿着)
сквозьskvoz[preposition]
through(穿过)
наде́жныйnadyózhny[adjective]
reliable(可靠的)
вни́мательныйvnimátelny[adjective]
attentive(细心的 / 专注的)
раздражённыйrazdrazhyónny[adjective]
irritated(恼火的)
равноду́шныйravnodúshny[adjective]
indifferent(冷漠的)
влюблённыйvlyublyónny[adjective]
in love(坠入爱河的)
расстро́енныйrasstróyenny[adjective]
upset(沮丧的)
удивлённыйudivlyónny[adjective]
surprised(惊讶的)
увере́нныйuvérenny[adjective]
confident(自信的 / 确信的)
тре́вогаtrevóga[noun · f]
anxiety / alarm(焦虑 / 警报)
оби́даobída[noun · f]
resentment / hurt(委屈 / 怨气)
за́вистьzávist[noun · f]
envy(嫉妒)
сомне́ниеsomnéniye[noun · n]
doubt(怀疑)
настрое́ниеnastroyéniye[noun · n]
mood(心情)
восто́ргvostórg[noun · m]
delight(狂喜 / 兴奋)
обижа́тьobizhát[verb]
to offend / hurt(欺负 / 伤害)
рабо́тникrabótnik[noun · m]
employee(员工 / 工作人员)
нача́льникnachálnik[noun · m]
boss(上司)
зарпла́таzarpláta[noun · f]
salary(工资)
встре́чаvstrécha[noun · f]
meeting(会议 / 见面)
собра́ниеsobrániye[noun · n]
gathering / meeting(会议 / 集会)
докуме́нтdokumént[noun · m]
document(文件)
па́спортpásport[noun · m]
passport(护照)
ключи́klyuchí[noun · m]
keys(钥匙 (复))
очки́ochkí[noun · m]
glasses(眼镜)
буди́льникbudílnik[noun · m]
alarm clock(闹钟)
поду́шкаpodúshka[noun · f]
pillow(枕头)
одея́лоodeyálo[noun · n]
blanket(被子)
путеше́ствиеputeshéstviye[noun · n]
journey / trip(旅行)
о́тпускótpusk[noun · m]
vacation(休假)
пра́здникprázdnik[noun · m]
holiday(节日)
пода́рокpodárok[noun · m]
gift(礼物)
игру́шкаigrúshka[noun · f]
toy(玩具)
эта́жetázh[noun · m]
floor / storey(楼层)
лифтlift[noun · m]
elevator(电梯)
ле́стницаléstnitsa[noun · f]
staircase(楼梯)
у́ксусúksus[noun · m]
vinegar(醋)
со́усsóus[noun · m]
sauce(酱料)
кефи́рkefír[noun · m]
kefir(克非尔酸奶)
сли́вкиslívki[noun · m]
cream(奶油 (液态))
минера́льная вода́minerálnaya vodá[noun · f]
mineral water(矿泉水)
тра́титьtrátit[verb]
to spend(花费)
зараба́тыватьzarabátyvat[verb]
to earn(赚钱)
занима́тьzanimát[verb]
to occupy / borrow(占用 / 借入)
собира́тьsobirát[verb]
to gather / collect(收集 / 采摘)
сохраня́тьsokhranyát[verb]
to save / keep(保存)
удаля́тьudalyát[verb]
to delete(删除)
добавля́тьdobavlyát[verb]
to add(添加)
сра́вниватьsrávnivat[verb]
to compare(比较)
измеря́тьizmeryát[verb]
to measure(测量)
ве́ситьvésit[verb]
to weigh(重 / 称重)
спосо́бныйsposóbny[adjective]
capable / talented(有能力的 / 有天赋的)
голо́дныйgolódny[adjective]
hungry(饥饿的)
сы́тыйsýty[adjective]
full / satiated(吃饱的)
бо́дрыйbódry[adjective]
cheerful / alert(精神饱满的)
мо́дныйmódny[adjective]
fashionable(时髦的)

What this tool does

500 hand-picked TORFL A1-A2 Russian words drawn from public, named sources: the Sharoff Frequency Dictionary of Russian (S. Sharoff, 2002, artint.ru/projects/frqlist.php — built from the RuTenTen and Russian Reference corpora), the Russian National Corpus (ruscorpora.ru), and the TORFL A1+A2 syllabus from the Russian Federal Ministry of Education. Vocabulary that takes a beginner from "I can't read a sign" to "I can hold a real conversation": greetings, numbers up to a million, full weekday and month sets, family, food, colors, animals, 75 high-frequency verbs (with full я / ты / он / мы / вы / они conjugation), adjectives, and the 20 prepositions you can't speak a sentence without — plus five new A2 categories: body parts, weather, transport, daily life, and emotions.

Every card shows: Cyrillic with the combining-acute stress mark (на́до, not nado — Russian stress decides which vowel reduces), BGN/PCGN romanization for those who haven't yet cracked Cyrillic, English + Chinese meanings, part of speech with m / f / n gender marked on every noun (gender cascades into adjective endings and past-tense verbs), an example sentence with EN + ZH translations, and for verbs the full 6-person conjugation cross-checked against Wiktionary. A play button uses your browser's built-in Russian voice (Web Speech API, lang="ru-RU" — no signup). Filter by category, or search by Cyrillic, romanization, English, or Chinese. Star words to build a private study list in localStorage; nothing leaves your browser.

Why 100 and not 3 000? Zero to 100 A1 words is the difference between "I can't read a sign" and "I can read kiosk menus and count roubles." Pair with comprehensible input (Russian with Max, Russian Progress, Easy Russian) and you'll hold short conversations in a month.

Tool details

Input: Text; The page exposes text boxes, numeric controls, file pickers, or structured inputs depending on the tool.
Output: Live result; The result area focuses on usable output, with copy, download, or preview actions when supported.
Privacy: Browser-side processing; The main tool logic does not call an external API, so inputs normally stay in the current tab.
Save / share: Local preference storage; Preferences, history, or drafts are saved in this browser without an account.
Performance budget: Initial JS <= 28 KB; No WASM budget is declared, keeping the tool quick to open on mobile.
Best fit: Text · Student; Category and role tags drive related tools, internal links, and quick fit checks.

How to use

1. Input

Paste or drop your content into the tool panel.
2. Process

Click the button. All processing is local in your browser.
3. Copy / Download

Copy the result or download to disk in one click.

How Russian 500 Essential Words (TORFL A1-A2) fits into your work

Use it to clean, compare, reshape, or extract plain text before it goes into a document, CMS, spreadsheet, or prompt.

Text jobs

Removing repetitive cleanup work from everyday writing and operations.
Making text easier to compare, paste, publish, or feed into another tool.
Working with content locally when the text is private or unfinished.

Text checks

Scan for unintended whitespace, duplicate lines, and lost punctuation.
For long text, test the first few lines before applying the whole change.
Copy the final output only after checking the preview.

Good next steps

These links move the current task into a more complete workflow.

Real-world use cases

Pass the TORFL A1 reading section by reading kiosk signs
You have a TORFL A1 exam in six weeks and the reading section throws metro signs, shop names, and price tags at you. Filter to numbers, transport, and daily life, drill the 60-odd cards until you can read «Вход», «Выход», «Касса», «Закрыто» without the romanization, then hide the Latin scaffold. Most A1 takers fail reading not on grammar but on raw decoding speed; these cards build that.
Survive a doctor visit on a study-abroad homestay
You twisted an ankle in Saint Petersburg and the clinic receptionist speaks zero English. Star the body-parts and emotions categories the night before, drill «нога́», «боли́т», «голова́», «температу́ра» with the ru-RU TTS so you hear real stress placement, and walk in able to point and name 15 body parts. Fifteen words is the difference between miming and being understood.
Stop mispronouncing your first 75 verbs
You learned «говори́ть» from a textbook that printed no stress, so you've been saying «го́ворить» for a month and natives keep asking «что?». Open any verb card, tap play, and the ru-RU voice reads the combining-acute stress: «говорю́», «говори́шь». Drill the full six-person table once and the reduction pattern locks in. Unlearning a wrong stress later costs ten times the effort.
Build a 40-word spaced-repetition list for the metro commute
You ride the metro 40 minutes a day and want offline study with no app login. Search «есть», «пить», «купи́ть», star the 40 words you keep forgetting, and they save to localStorage on your phone. The list survives a refresh and never touches a server. Re-open the page underground with no signal and your starred set is still there to scroll.

Common pitfalls

Memorizing «надо» without the stress mark «на́до» — you learn the wrong vowel reduction and natives mishear you; always tap play and copy the ru-RU stress before you call a card learned.
Skipping the m/f/n gender tag on nouns like «па́па» (dad is masculine despite the -а ending) — gender drives adjective and past-tense endings, so a missed tag breaks every sentence you build a year later.
Treating «быть» (to be) as present tense — Russian drops it in the present («Я студе́нт»), so the card's table is future; saying «я есть студе́нт» marks you instantly as a textbook beginner.

Privacy

Everything runs in your browser. The 500-word list ships with the page; your searches, category filters, and starred study list stay in localStorage on your device and never reach a server. Audio uses your operating system's built-in ru-RU voice through the Web Speech API — no signup, no external audio download. Nothing you do here is written to a URL, so there is no shareable-link leak of what you're studying.

FAQ

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Russian 500 Essential Words — TORFL A1-A2, Cyrillic, Romanization, Gender, Conjugation & TTS (Free)

What this tool does

Tool details

How to use

1. Input

2. Process

3. Copy / Download

How Russian 500 Essential Words (TORFL A1-A2) fits into your work

Text jobs

Text checks

Good next steps

Real-world use cases

Pass the TORFL A1 reading section by reading kiosk signs

Survive a doctor visit on a study-abroad homestay

Stop mispronouncing your first 75 verbs

Build a 40-word spaced-repetition list for the metro commute

Common pitfalls

Privacy

FAQ

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